Tetrabutylammonium perchlorate

Catalog NumberHG1923702

CAS Number1923-70-2

CategoryCationic Surfactants

Synonyms

1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, perchlorate (1:1)

Molecular Weight

341.91

Molecular Formula

C16H36ClNO4

Appearance

Solid

Application

Use as antistatic agent.; Use as phase transfer catalyst.; Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.

Active Content

95%

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Case Study

Tetrabutylammonium Perchlorate as a Supporting Electrolyte for CO₂ Electroreduction

Li, Qing-yuan, et al. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 785 (2017): 229-234.

Tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) serves as a supporting electrolyte for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into carbon monoxide (CO) in organic media.
Experimental Protocol: A two-compartment electrolysis cell separated by a Nafion 117 membrane is used. The catholyte is CO₂-saturated 0.1 M TBAP in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and the anolyte is 0.1 M H₂SO₄ aqueous solution. A gold sheet cathode and graphite rod anode are employed. Potentiostatic electrolysis is conducted at -2.4 V versus Fc/Fc⁺ at 25°C. The gaseous products are analyzed by gas chromatography.
Performance Evaluation: The cathodic current density reaches 6.6 mA/cm² at -2.4 V. The highest Faradaic efficiency for CO formation reaches 93% after 40 min of electrolysis. No deactivation of the Au electrode is observed during long-term electrolysis. The NMP/TBAP electrolyte prevents poisoning of the cathode, as confirmed by SEM analysis, demonstrating excellent stability for CO₂ electroreduction.

Tetrabutylammonium Perchlorate as a Supporting Electrolyte for CO₂ Reduction in Propylene Carbonate

Shi, Jin, et al. Electrochimica Acta 240 (2017): 114-121.

Tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (Bu₄NClO₄) serves as a supporting electrolyte for CO₂ electroreduction in propylene carbonate (PC) with controlled water content.
Experimental Protocol: A two-compartment electrolysis cell with a ion exchange membrane is used. The catholyte is CO₂-saturated 0.1 M Bu₄NClO₄/PC containing 6.8 wt% H₂O, and the anolyte is 0.1 M H₂SO₄ aqueous solution. Potentiostatic electrolysis is conducted at -2.5 V versus RHE for 4 h at 25°C using a gold foil cathode. The conductivity and viscosity of the electrolyte are measured.
Performance Evaluation: The presence of 6.8 wt% H₂O increases the electrolyte conductivity to 17.75 mS/cm and decreases viscosity to 3.76 mPas. CO₂ solubility increases from 0.14 to 0.23 mol/L with 6.8 wt% H₂O. The Faradaic efficiency for CO formation stabilizes at 84.3% after 30 min, with a current density of 6.3 mA/cm². No degradation is observed over 4 h of electrolysis, confirming the industrial feasibility of Bu₄NClO₄/PC for CO₂ reduction.

Tetrabutylammonium Perchlorate as a Supporting Electrolyte for Electrodeposition of Ligand-Free Metal Nanoparticles in Emulsion Systems

Glasscott, Matthew W., et al. ACS Applied Nano Materials 1.10 (2018): 5702-5711.

Tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) serves as a supporting electrolyte and ion-pairing reagent in the electrodeposition of ligand-free metal nanoparticles within water-in-oil emulsion systems.
Experimental Protocol: A 0.1 M TBAP solution in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) is employed as the organic phase to maintain charge balance during electrodeposition. The emulsion system consists of aqueous nanodroplets (approximately 500 nm radius) dispersed in the TBAP/DCE organic phase. Platinum nanoparticles are deposited at an applied potential of -0.7 V versus Cp₂Fe^0/+. The emulsion stability is evaluated with and without Span-20 surfactant at 10 mM concentration.
Performance Evaluation: The emulsion system remains stable for 30 minutes without surfactant and for up to 80 minutes with 10 mM Span-20 added. Ricker wavelet analysis of the electrochemical data reveals relative roughness values between 46% and 54% for the deposited nanoparticle films. The deposition coverage follows the Cottrell equation, confirming diffusion-controlled electrodeposition kinetics. The TBAP-supported system enables efficient charge transfer while preventing ligand contamination on the nanoparticle surfaces.

• Synonyms: 1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, perchlorate (1:1)
• Molecular Weight: 341.91
• Molecular Formula: C16H36ClNO4
• Appearance: Solid
• Application: Use as antistatic agent.; Use as phase transfer catalyst.; Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
• Active Content: 95%