Cao, Dongdong, et al. Materials Chemistry and Physics (2025): 131451.
Electrodeposited bellows (EDBs) represent critical components in aerospace and precision instrumentation, valued for their dimensional accuracy and complex geometry formation. In this work, p-Toluenesulfonamide (PTSA) was used as the organic additive to achieve good quality of EDBs, and the influencing mechanism of different PTSA concentration on the performance of EDBs were studied. Nickel bellows with different PTSA concentration of 10-100 mg/L were electrodeposited to characterize the surface morphologies, thickness uniformity, texture, and mechanical properties.
Key Findings
· Low Concentration (10-20 mg/L): Deposits exhibited higher surface roughness, pronounced morphological differences between peak and valley regions, and poor wall-thickness uniformity.
· Optimal Concentration (50 mg/L): Surface roughness reached a minimum of 0.444 μm. Wall-thickness ratio (peak:valley) was minimized to r = 1.39, indicating improved uniformity. Grain texture showed preferential growth along <001>, producing a dense, uniform microstructure. Mechanical performance at this condition was optimal: tensile strength = 441 MPa and elongation = 7.64%.
· Excessive Concentration (100 mg/L): Over-adsorption of PTSA inhibited deposition in valley regions, increasing surface defects, roughness (0.711 μm), and thickness non-uniformity (ratio 1.69), ultimately degrading mechanical performance.
Khudaida, Salal Hasan, et al. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 204 (2024): 106106.