Abdullah, Nurulhuda, et al. Journal of Rubber Research 26.2 (2023): 125-137.
Manufacturers of dipped NRL products (medical-grade films, gloves, membranes) need formulations that are both mechanically robust and biocompatible. Conventional compounding often relies on accelerators such as zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), which can leave residual accelerator and contribute to cytotoxicity. The challenge was to develop an HA-NRL formulation that reduces ZDEC residue and cytotoxic response, without sacrificing physical strength.
Formulation Strategy: Aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane (APMDS) was incorporated into HA-NRL formulations containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) filler and a reduced level of ZDEC accelerator. The strategy relied on the multifunctional role of APMDS to modify filler and rubber surfaces, promoting stronger filler-rubber interactions and potentially mitigating residual accelerator-related toxicity.
Key Results:
· The application of APMDS yielded significant improvements across key performance parameters. The NRL-dipped films exhibited a lower toxicity effect, indicating enhanced biocompatibility directly linked to the presence of APMDS. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis confirmed that all produced films contained very low levels of residual ZDEC, measuring less than 6 μg/g.
· Enhanced Physical Strength: A notable increase in the physical strength of the dipped films was observed when APMDS was used in conjunction with CaCO3 filler. This enhancement is attributed to improved interfacial interactions, where APMDS promotes stronger physical bonding between the surface-modified filler particles and the surface-modified rubber particles.