Sodium gluconate

Catalog Number

HG527071

CAS

527-07-1

Structure

Synonyms

D-Gluconic acid, monosodium salt

Molecular Weight

218.14

Molecular Formula

C6H11NaO7

Appearance

Solid

Application

Use as chelating agent.

Active Content

95%

Case Study

Optimizing Sewage Sludge Ash Geopolymer Production with Sodium Gluconate Retardation

Schematic diagram of the mechanism of sodium gluconate-modified sludge ash-based geopolymers. Ma, Xiaobing, et al. Journal of Cleaner Production 419 (2023): 138317.

Challenge: Utilizing sewage sludge ash (SSA) for geopolymer production supports waste valorization but faces practical limitations. Rapid setting times (31 minutes initial set) when combining SSA with ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) at a 2:3 ratio complicate large-scale processing and placement.
Solution: Sodium Gluconate was evaluated as a targeted retarder to control the geopolymerization kinetics without compromising the environmental benefits of SSA-based materials. Geopolymer pastes were prepared at room temperature using a fixed SSA/GGBS weight ratio (2:3). The impact of sodium gluconate dosage (0% to 3% by weight) on setting behavior and microstructure was systematically analyzed, alongside environmental assessment.
Key Findings:
· Achieved a controllable six-fold extension in initial setting time (31 min → 183 min) with 3% sodium gluconate.
· Sodium gluconate interfered with the dissolution of precursor materials (SSA, GGBS) and hindered early hydration gel growth. Addition of 3% sodium gluconate increased the area fraction of unhydrated SSA particles by over 45%. The area fraction of unhydrated GGBS particles increased by 13%.
· Retardation Mechanism: The compound effectively decelerated the early hardening process by modifying the reaction kinetics at the dissolution and gel nucleation/growth stages.

Optimizing Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Performance with Sodium Gluconate

Schematic diagram of the change in the binding mechanism of carboxyl groups with Ca2+ in PCE in the presence of sodium gluconate. Zou, Fubing, et al. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 55 (2017): 91-100.

Challenge: Polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs) are essential for modern concrete workability, but their performance when combined with common retarder sodium gluconate (SG) is inconsistent. This uncertainty stems from an incomplete understanding of the molecular-level interaction between SG and PCEs, particularly those with varying polymer architectures.
Solution: A series of experiments were conducted to understand the effect of SG on the dispersing efficiency of two typical PCEs with different side-chain grafting density (PCE2: low density, PCE6: high density) in terms of adsorption behavior, dispersion performance, and the underlying interactions at the molecular level.
Key Findings:
· Positive Effect (Grafting & Chain Extension): SG complexes with Ca2+, potentially grafting onto PCE side chains. This straightens the PCE structure, increasing effective PEO chain length and enhancing steric hindrance/dispersion.
· Negative Effect (Competitive Adsorption): SG competes with PCE for adsorption sites on cement particles, reducing dispersion efficiency.
· The net effect of SG depends heavily on the PCE's molecular structure, specifically the carboxyl group grafting density in its side chains. Grafting/straightening effect is significantly hindered in PCEs with high PEO chain density (e.g., PCE6).
· The severity of negative competitive adsorption depends on the relative adsorption strength between the specific PCE and SG. PCEs with stronger adsorption affinity suffer less dispersion loss.

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